Phillip Taylor

 Phillip Taylor was baptized on November 12, 1651 in Devonshire, England so he was born shortly before this day. His parents were Gwain Taylor and Ursula Russell Taylor. There is no information to know what Philip's childhood was like. In 1665, in Devonshire, the Civil War just ended that year and Devonshire saw much tragedies from the war. Life for most people in Devonshire was difficult, marked by hard work and hardships such as illness and famine. Infant mortality rates were high. The church of England was the established church.

In 1678, Phillip suffered religious persecution for following the Quaker religion and for being a Quaker preacher in Devonshire. In 1678, Philip married Juliana Lyddon in Tauton, Devonshire, England. The couple lived in Collumpton, Devon, England. Between 1688 and 1690, the couple had three children, one son and two daughters. The family immigrated to Oxford, Philadelphia, America in about 1695. In 1696 and 1697 the couple had two more children, one son, and one daughter. Shortly after the birth of their last child, in November 1697, a daughter, Phillip died at the young age of 37 on November 23, 1697 leaving six young children between the age of one and nine. Shortly after that Philip was buried.

 

John Clowes II

 John Clowes Sr was one of my materal 9th grandfathers who was born in Gawsworth, Cheshire England in about 1632 into a farming life. Nothing has been found regarding his young life. Growing up, he probably helped his parents with farming. John Sr. eventually became a yeoman himself in Gawsworth.  Being a yeoman (farmer) meant that you were a freeholder, you owned your land. He probably grew field crops like wheat, and vegetables like peas and beans as well as perhaps clover and other crops for the farm animals, 

John married Margery Dunn, also of Gawsworth in 1652. They probably married in or around Gawsworth as traveling was not easy in 1652. The couple had seven children, four sons and three daughters all living to adulthood except one of the sons. Sometime prior to 1682, John, Margery, and their  children became Quakers,

On July 28, 1682, several of John and Margery's children who were adults by this time, emigrated to Bucks County, Pennsylvania on the ship "Friends Adventure" and on this ship, John and Margery sent some of their household goods. Since the family were Quakers, they had to ask for a "Certificate of Removal" from the Moreley Monthly Meeting in Cheshire to give to the Middletown Monthly Meeting in Bucks County, Pennsylvania. This Certificated also ensured that the brothers and sisters had the permission of their parents to leave England. The children took up residency on their parents 1000 acres that the parents purchased from William Penn in March of 1682.

John brought with him several indentured servants:

Samuel Hough age 20 in 1685. In 1698 & 1699 he became Constable of Newtown & Wrightstown.

John Chorley, by 1689 he became constable for the district "below the falls to the governors"

John Richardson the 3rd servant, by 1699, he was married

Indentured servants were predominately white immigrants who could not afford the costs of travelling to the new country during the 17th (1600s) & 18th (1700s) centuries. They signed a contract agreeing to work for 4-7 years for a master. Merchants & ship captains offered free passage to the new country to the servants.

In July 1683, John and Margery's oldest son, John Jr. died, On  Nov 29, 1686, John had his Will drawn up "Yeoman, 500 ac. adjoing Delaware River called by me "The Clough" to wife Margery during life than to son William, daughter Margery wife of Rich. Hough, daughter Sarah wife of John Bainbride, daughter Rebecka, son Joseph wife Margery sole executrix."

Sometime before July 4, 1687, John Sr died and was buried on sometime before July 4, 1687 as the probate on his Will was July 4, 1687.

https://www.google.com/books/edition/Lawmaking_and_Legislators_in_Pennsylvani/7U0rEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=john+clowes+Gawsworth,+Cheshire,+England&pg=PA287&printsec=frontcover

https://study.com/academy/lesson/indentured-servants-in-colonial-america-definition-role-in-history-quiz.htmlhttp://www.encyclopedia.com/history/united-states-and-canada/us-history/indentured-servants

NAME STUDY FOR SURNAME BARTSCHI BAERTSCHI BERTSCHI AND OTHER VARIANTS

 

1. Introduction

Surname being studied: Bärtschi Baertschi Bertschi Baertschy

Study scope: Bern, Switzerland

Study goals and objectives: to better understand the origins of the surname  Bartschi Baertschi and other variants of the name

2. Variants and Spellings

Bärtschi

Original Swiss German spelling with umlaut (ä); most traditional form

 

Baertschi

Anglicized spelling; replaces "ä" with "ae" for compatibility

 

Baertschy	Less common variant; may result from Americanization or transcription
Bertschi	“The last name Bertschi is an occupational surname of Swiss Origin. It derives from the Middle High German name “Bertz” meaning farmers” https://www.igenea.com/en/surnames/b/bertschi

 

 

 

Phonetic spelling and transcription errors: Immigration Officers and record clerks many times wrote names as they sounded to them. Different Swiss communities have different spellings. Transcribing handwritten Church Records and Census Records led to spelling errors.

3. Etymology and Origin

Linguistic roots of the surname:

Swiss German (Bärtschi): from a pet form of the personal name Berthold 

https://www.familysearch.org/en/surname?surname=bartschi

Berthold: German and French (mainly Alsace Doubs and Lorraine): from the ancient Germanic personal name Bertwald composed of the elements berth ‘bright famous’ * wald ‘rule’.

https://www.ancestry.com/last-name-meaning/berthold

 Occupations associated with surname:

Occupation:	Notes:
Farmer (Bauer)	Most common; many Baertschis were small landowners or tenant farmers in Emmental region, which includes the Canton of Bern Switzerland
Cheesemaker (Käser)	Emmental is famous for its cheese; many Bärtschis worked in dairying
Tailor (Schneider)	Some church records list Bärtschis in textile-related occupations

First known usage or appearance in Bern Switzerland records:

The earliest documents that appear with the surname Bärtschi / Baertschi can be traced at least to 17th-century records in Canton Bern, Switzerland (Eggiwil):

Christen Baertschi, born 1650 in Eggiwil, Bern

4. Geographical Distribution

Historic regions with surname concentration:

The geographical distribution of the surname Bärtschi / Baertschi shows a strong origin in Switzerland, with emigration to smaller populations in mainly the United States and Canada.

Primary Origin:

·  Canton of Bern: Especially in the Emmental region which has 40 municipalities including Eggiwil.

  Canton of Zürich and Aargau: Some migration and family branching

·  The surname is found in both Protestant and Mennonite communities

Modern-day distribution other than Switzerland:

United States:

State	Notes
Utah	LDS (Mormon) migration in 1800s–1900s from Switzerland
Wisconsin	Swiss German immigrants, farming communities
Illinois	Often part of midwestern immigration patterns

Canada:

• Some Baertschi families settled in Ontario and Alberta
• Often part of Mennonite or Reformed Swiss emigration groups

5. Migration Patterns

Mennonite and Religious Migration (1600s–1700s)

·         Persecution of Anabaptists/Mennonites may have pushed some Bärtschi families:

o    Northward into Alsace and the Palatinate (Germany)

o    Southwest into Jura and France

Agricultural Migration to the Americas (1800s)

·         Driven by land scarcity, inheritance laws, and economic hardship

Religious and Railroad Migration (Late 1800s)

·         Some Baertschi descendants converted to Mormonism and moved to:

o    Utah (Provo, Salt Lake area) — 1870s–1890s

·         Others followed railroad jobs or joined industrial labor in:

o    Ohio, Chicago, St. Louis

o     

·         Adolph Samuel Baertschi-(1876-1927) born in Blonay, Vaud, Switzerland immigrated to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on March 1, 1897. In Philadelphia, his occupation was harness maker (works with leather) in German the word is “sattler.” This was his occupation in Philadelphia when he first immigrated. In 1897 when Adolph immigrated, electrical trollies were the main means of transportation. There was a need for people to make leather seats for the trollies which at that time, the leathers seats were made by hand. Soon, machines were invented and the machines took over making the leather seats.

U.S. Immigration Patterns:

• Swiss Baertschis began arriving in the mid-to-late 1800s
• Many occupations listed as farmers, laborers, or cheesemakers on immigration documents
• Appeared in naturalization records, census documents, and LDS church rolls

5. Canada and Western Expansion (1900s)

·         Migrations into Ontario and Alberta

6. Some Notable Individuals

Werner Bărtschi-composer and classical pianist born January 1, 1950, in Zurich, Switzerland

Paul Bartsch-malacologist and carcinologist born August 14, 1871, in southwest Poland

Nik Bărtsch-composer, bandleader, composer, record producer born August 3, 1971, in Zurich, Switzerland

Hannes Bärtschi- violist born 1972 Männedorf, Switzerland

Sven Bärtschi/Baertschi-former professional ice hockey player, born October 5, 1992, in Langenthal, Bern Switzerland

7. Research Challenges

Availability of transcribed death records online

8. Summary of Findings

Surname Variants: Bärtschi, Bartschi, Baertschi

Origin: Emmental Valley, Canton Bern, Switzerland (Eggiwil)

First Records: 1650 in Eggiwil church registers, perhaps earlier than 1650

 Historical Significance: Many Bärtschi, Bartschi, Baertschi were Swiss Anabaptists (Mennonite) some families were persecution and exiled in the 17th century.

 Migration: moved to Alsace, the Palatinate (Germany), and later to Pennsylvania, USA (1700s) and some immigrated to South America

 Current Distribution: A rare surname; mainly found in Switzerland

  Sources: Church records (Eggiwil, Blonay), Bern State Archives, FamilySearch, Ancestry, and Mennonite genealogies.

9. Overall conclusions about the surname and family lines:

 The Baertschi surname is of Swiss German origin, mainly from the Bern region, especially around Eggiwil.

Often involved in farming and local trades.

Many Baertschi family members emigrated in the 19th and early 20th centuries, mainly to the United States, especially Pennsylvania.

 Multiple family branches exist, sometimes with slight spelling variations.

 Genealogical research is supported by church and civil records

The research can be complicated by record gaps, transcription errors, and spelling differences.

10. Sources and Citations

https://www.uen.org/utah_history_encyclopedia/s/SWISS_IN_UTAH.shtml#:~:text=Beginning%20in%20the%20mid,its%20leaders%20and%20moved%20elsewhere.

https://www.igenea.com/en/surnames/b/bertschi

https://www.familysearch.org/en/surname?surname=bartschi

 

https://www.ancestry.com/last-name-meaning/berthold

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werner_B%C3%A4rtschi

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sven_B%C3%A4rtschi

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Bartsch

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nik_B%C3%A4rtsch

 

https://www.discogs.com/artist/2785362-Hannes-B%C3%A4rtschi?srsltid=AfmBOorniA3s5cyXPwhzaiBgdUi460v944VKiaSyHtu-amOri78OKwBs

 

https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/social-sciences-and-humanities/swiss-immigrants#:~:text=The%20eighteenth%20century%20witnessed%20a,colony%20primarily%20for%20economic%20reasons.

 

https://mla.bethelks.edu/ml-archive/2012/anabaptist.php

 

 

 

 

 John Rush I (1620-1699)

John Rush, one of my 9th maternal great grandfathers was born on May 22, 1620 in Horton, Oxfordshire, England. Not much is known about John's childhood. When John was in his 20's, he fought in the English Civil Wars where he had the nickname "Old Trooper Rush" and also he commanded a Troop of horses in Oliver Cromwell's army fighting against King Charles I. John left the military prior to June 8, 1648 as that is the day that Oliver married one of my maternal great grandmothers, Susanah Lucus in Horton, Oxfordshire, England. John's occupation was Farmer, probably growing grains, vegetables, and fruits as these were the main crops grown during the 1600s in England.

On June 16,1649, daughter Elizabeth was  born in Horton, Oxfordshire, England. On July 31, 1652. son William was born, Broughton, Oxfordshire, England. Son, Thomas was born on November 7, 1654. Daugher, Susannah was born on October 26, 1656 in Banbury, Oxfordshire, England. Son, Francis, was born February 8th, 1662, in Horton, Oxfordshire, England. On July 21,1664 James was born in Horton, Oxfordshire, England. Joseph was born on December 26,1666 in Horton, Oxfordshire, England. Edward was born on September 27, 1670 in Horton, Oxfordshire, England. Jane was born on December 27, 1673 in Horton Oxfordshire, England. It looks like Thomas, Francis, James, and Joseph died in England. John and his family were of the Quaker religion.

Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right, CC BY-SA 3.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0>, vi

After a plot of a Protestant to kill Charles III, became known, John Rush, his wife, thier living children and several grandchildren went aboard a boat that was crowded with other Quakers that were fleeing the King’s wrath and followed William Penn to America in the year 1683 and settled by the Delaware River near Philadelphia, John was a farmer in Philadelphia, probably growing the same kind of crops as in England. John and his family became a Baptists in Pennsylvania. In 1697, John died in Byberry, Philadelphia on May 9, 1699 and was buried at Hart's Burying Ground Crestmont Farms, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Dr, Benjamin Rush: Thfounding Father Who Healed a Wounded Nation by Harlow Giles Unger

https://archive.org/details/transactionsstud4441coll/page/n19/mode/2up?view=theater&q=%22john+rush%22

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Separatists

https://archive.org/details/transactionsstud4441coll/page/n21/mode/2up?view=theater&q=%22john+rush%22

https://archive.org/details/transactionsstud4441coll/page/n35/mode/2up?view=theater&q=%22cromwell%22

 

James Carrell I (1666-1720)

One of my maternal 8^th great grandfather, James was born in 1666 in Rathmullan, Ulster, Donegal, Ireland into the Presbyterian religion. His occupation as an adult in Ireland was a linen weaver. The history of the Carrell family in Ireland prior to James emigration is of questionable value.

The burning bush is probably the most commonly used and recognised symbol in Irish Presbyterian Church

Mathiaslolkmagn, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

The ancestors of James were of the Presbyterian religion, James took an active part in the religious wars of the time. In 1689, the Siege of Londonderry occurred, for 105 days around 30,000 Protestant people held the walled city of Londonderry in the face of the Catholic King James II, until the relief fleet broke the boom across the River Foyle on July 28 and the Jacobite forces commenced their retreat on August 1, 1689. James was imprisoned in Londonderry during the noted siege of one hundred and five days. "Being obligated by the pangs of starvation to make soup from saddle bags & even rats"

James was involved in the religious conflicts in Ireland in 1690, mainly revolving around the Battle of the Boyne. This battle was fought in July 1690 between the armies of King William III (William of Orange) (Protestant) and King James II (Catholic). When William III took reign, the properties of the Protestants that were taken by the Catholics were returned and in the redistribution of the property, the Carrell family received their share.

Sometime between 1696 and 1697, James immigrated to Bucks County, Pennsylvania.  There was little immigration of the Irish to America in the time that James lived in Pennsylvania. James married Sarah Dungan shortly after his arrival to Bucks County. In 1698, James and Sarah had a daughter, Elizabeth. In about 1699, their son, James II was born. Daughter Sarah was born in about 1700. Son Benjamin was born in about 1701. Their daughter, Lydia was  born in about 1702. There was possibly another daughter born to the couple.

Philadelphia was approximately 18 miles from the family home in Bucks County. In the late 1600's, early 1700's, Philadelphia was a small town, but the source of income, was the market for their produce as they farmed the land. The roads to Philadelphia were widened by bridle paths. Many of the streams were un-bridged and the main transportation was horseback.

In 1704, James purchased 100 acres in Southampton, Bucks, Pennsylvania, he remained on this property until his death. On November 16, 1707, James Shattuck, attorney, conveyed 100 acres to James Carrell until his death on Bristol Rd. between Ivyland and Richboro from the Schuylkill River to the Delaware River. In 1711, "The Old Homestead" was acquired from this brother in laws Clement & Thomas Dungan. It was also located on Bristol Rd across from James's other property, the homestead stayed in the family for 100 years. Also, in 1711, James purchased from his brother in-laws, Thomas & Clement Dungan, a track of land.

According to “Ancestry of Jeremy Clarke of Rhode Island and Dungan genealogy” by Alfred Rudulph Justice, James died intestate in 1720.

 

 

 

 

 

Descendants of James Carrell and Sarah Dungan, His Wife  https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Descendants_of_James_Carrell_and_Sar/b1wZAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22james%20carrell%22

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Derry

History of Bucks county, Pennsylvania, from the discovery of the Delaware to the present time By Davis, W. W. H. (William Watts Hart), 1820-1910; Ely, Warren S. (Warren Smedley), b. 1855; Jordan, John W. (John Woolf), 1840-1921

 

https://www.qrhmuseum.com/timeline/the-siege-of-londonderry

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt/search?q1=james+carrell&id=njp.32101060072418&view=1up&seq=7&start=1&sz=10&page=search&sort=seq&orient=0

 

Richard Hough I (1654-1705)

Richard Hough, one of maternal great grandfathers was christened on November 12, 1654, I have not found his exact date of birth. He was christened at St Michaels Church in Macclesfield, Cheshire, England. In 1654, Macclesfield was a small market town with a developing silk industry. Not much else is known about Richard’s life in England.

The name "Hough" is indigenous to Cheshire and in the 17th century, several families bearing the name "Hough" were living in "Macclesfield Hundred Church. It is said that several previous generations of Richard's family lie in "All Hallows Church" (now St Michael's Church)-the only relative of the name of whom anything is known is Richard's brother "John" of Macclesfield.

According to the book “Early Hough Families” Creator: Hough, Wallace Irwin, it is stated that when Richard was in his twenties, in Macclesfield, his occupation was a “Chapman”, also known as a hawker, tinker, costermonger,  or peddler who travelled either on foot with a basket or barrow, or using a horse and cart or wagon, and supplied their customers with various wares and services.

On July 30, 1683, Richard purchased two tracts of land on the Delaware River in Bucks County, Pennsylvania. On the Delaware River by warrant over 600 acres. After his death, this property was Willed to son John, it was called "Houghton Farm. Richard came to America on September 29, 1683, on the Ship named “Endeavor” leaving from London. Four Servants or dependents came on the Ship to Pennsylvania with Richard: Francis Hough was to serve 2 years & to have 50 acres of land upon completion of the 2 years. Thomas Wood or Woodhouse & wife Mary to serve 4 years respectively & each to have 50 acres each.  James Sutton to serve 4 years and to have 3 pounds & 5 schilling per annum and 50 acres when his time was complete.

When Richard arrived in Pennsylvania in 1683, he was a Quaker. He met with other Quakers in the Falls Friends Meeting House in Fallsington, Bucks, Pennsylvania. By October of 1683, Richard made his home in Makefield, Bucks, Pennsylvania. The only relative of the name of whom anything is known is Richard's brother "John" of Macclesfield.

On January 5,1684, Richard filed his intent to marry Margery Clowes in the Quaker Church. On May 16, 1784, Richard and Margery married in the Quaker Falls Meeting House. Before this meeting house was built, Richard & Margery held the Quaker meetings in their home. Richard and Margery had two daughters and three sons born between 1685 and 1695.

In 1684, Richard was a Provincial Counselor and served as a Member of the Provincial Council Assembly 1684, 1688, 1690. 1697, 1700, 1703, & 1704. Around the same time,  Richard was one of the Justices of Bucks County.

In 1689, Richard served on the New Meeting House Committee along with Thomas Janney, William Biles, John Rowland, Edmund Lovett and Phineas Pemberton, they were appointed to "look out a convenient place of land” to build a new meeting house.

In 1691 John purchased from William Penn 375 acres of land in Pennsylvania toward the Susquehanna River. In 1694, John conveyed 3/5 of the land to Richard.

On November 30, 1699, Richard was named in his cousin Richard Nixon’s Will. Richard Nixon was still living in Macclesfield, Cheshire, England. On  June 11, 1704, Richard Hough wrote his Will. Richard willed many acres to people near his including John Clows, who had one thousand acres Willed to him.

Before 25 Mar 1705, Richard was a Justice of Bucks County Court. On March 25, 1705, Richard Drowned in the Delaware River traveling between home and Philadelphia. Seems as though the boat overturned. He was only 50 years of age, his youngest child at the time of his death was age nine, Richard was buried in Falls Friends Meeting Cemetery located in Fallsington, Bucks, Pennsylvania. The probate of his Will was after 25, Mar 1705.

 

 

 

 

 

A Genealogical and Personal History of Bucks County, Pennsylvania. By William Watts Hart Davis

Colonial and revolutionary families of Pennsylvania; genealogical and personal memoirs. Editor: John W. Jordan

The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography  https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=OMcbAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&output=reader&hl=en&pg=GBS.PA20

FamilySearch.Org.

Richard Hough, Provincial Councilor  https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/20083574.pdf

 

 

 

 

 John Hart Sr (1651-1714)

John Hart Sr, one of my 8^th maternal grandfathers was born in Witney, Oxfordshire, England on November 16, 1651, to Christopher Kester Christian Hart and Mary Beckley. John was born into the Quaker religion as his parents became Quakers shortly before he was born.

In 1681, William Penn and his surveyor, Thomas Holme were laying out parcels in Byberry Township, Pennsylvania. Byberry was in Philadelphia County and Bucks County. William Penn sold John one thousand acres for 5 schillings between Byberry, Philadelphia and Bucks, Warminster, Pennsylvania. On December 22, 1681, John Sr filed an Intent to marry in the Quaker church my maternal 6^th great grandmother, Susanna Rush. Susanna and her parents came to America in 1683 prior to Oct 24, 1683.

On October 24, 1682, William Penn's ship, Welcome, anchored first at Upland, which is now Chester. Then Penn went upstream to what was to become the "greene country towne" of his "sylvania” with 100 passengers including John Hart. Most of the passengers were Quakers and most were from Sussex, England.

John Sr  was a minister in the Quaker religion (Society of Friends). Before the Byberry meeting house was erected, the meetings were held at John's home alternately with Giles Knight. Later, John became a Quaker minister at the Oxford Township meetings in Philadelphia County.

John Sr, who was a member of the First Colonial Assembly 1683 & 1684. The first meeting called by William Penn was  March 10, 1683. John was one of the signers of the “Frame of Government of Pennsylvania” on February 2, 1683.

On Oct 24, 1683, John Sr married Sussanna in Byberry, Pennsylvania and they settled into their Byberry home.  On July 16, 1684, the couple’s first son was born, named John Hart Jr. The couple’s second son, Thomas Sr, was born in 1685. In the book “The History of Bucks County, from the discovery of the Delaware to the present time by William W. H. Davis” and the book “A HISTORY OF THE TOWNSHIPS OF BYBERRY AND MORELAND In Philadelphia, Pa;, From Their Earliest Settlement by the Whites to the Present Time” by Joseph C Martindale it is stated that John and Susannah had five children, John Jr, Joseph, Thomas Sr, Josiah, and Mary.

John Hart Jr, one of  my maternal 7^th great grandfathers married Eleanor Crispin, one of my maternal  7^th great grandmothers. John Sr’s Daughter, Mary, one of my maternal 7^th great grandaunts, born about 1700 married one of my maternal cousins, 9X removed, Thomas Dungan III. Mary died before 1728 as Thomas Dungan III married one of my maternal 1^st cousins, 8X removed Mary Finney. Thomas Sr married Ester Miles and moved to South Carolina.

 John was a distinguished member & minister of the Quaker religion up until 1691 when George Keith decided that the Quakers had strayed too far from Orthodox Christianity & began to have disagreements with fellow Quakers. John began to follow George Kieth in 1691 & 1692.

In 1692, Thomas Budd and John Hart wrote and published a book "An Essay on the Subject of Oaths" which was about religious matters. John and Thomas were the first authors in the Township. In 1697, John sold his Byberry property to his wife’s cousin, James Rush. John moved his family to the land they held in Westminster, Bucks, Pennsylvania. In 1702 John joined the Pennypack Baptist Church and became a Baptist Preacher.

On September 13, 1714, John wrote his Will, he died shortly after this date in Westminster, at age 62, he was buried in the Old Pennepack Baptist Church Cemetery. His Will was probated on November 5,1714.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

https://archive.org/stream/historyofhartfam00byudavi/historyofhartfam00byudavi_djvu.txt

https://books.google.com/books?id=arAfWBsvO1gC&pg=PA374&lpg=PA374&dq=john+hart+jr+1684+byberry+pennsylvania&source=bl&ots=Buz4z6TWKL&sig=jLe5WF_o9AyYBckE8Z8ebJT76HI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjd9IKn1fLXAhVPSt8KHUZwD6EQ6AEISDAG#v=onepage&q=john%20hart%20jr%201684%20byberry%20pennsylvania&f=false

https://www.newspapers.com/article/miltonian-john-hart/54790629/

https://avalon.law.yale.edu/17th_century/pa05.asp

https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_Genealogical_and_Personal_History_of_B/-nEHRwRAwxAC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=how+many+children+did+john+hart+and+susanna+rush+have&pg=PA42&printsec=frontcover

A HISTORY OF THE TOWNSHIPS OF BYBERRY AND MORELAND In Philadelphia, Pa;, From Their Earliest Settlement by the Whites to the Present Time by Joseph C Martindale